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* Nordic bees often stay in a winter cluster longer than other subspecies. | * Nordic bees often stay in a winter cluster longer than other subspecies. | ||
* They need proper, peaceful winter rest, especially before the cleansing flight in spring when the hind gut is filled with feces. | * They need proper, peaceful winter rest, especially before the [[cleansing flight]] in spring when the hind gut is filled with feces. | ||
* The comparatively small winter cluster sets down near the flight entrance. | * The comparatively small winter cluster sets down near the flight entrance. | ||
* The size of the winter cluster is, on average, smaller than that of many other subspecies’. | * The size of the winter cluster is, on average, smaller than that of many other subspecies’. | ||
* The small and tight winter cluster can withstand high concentrations of | * The small and tight winter cluster can withstand high concentrations of Carbondioxide (CO₂). | ||
* The bees in the cluster can stand more mineral components in winter food than other subspecies (adaptation to a long winter and to Calluna honey in winter feed stores) | * The bees in the cluster can stand more mineral components in winter food than other subspecies (adaptation to a long winter and to Calluna honey in winter feed stores) | ||
* Nordic bees usually fly the cleansing flight later or even without being noticed in comparison to other subspecies. | * Nordic bees usually fly the [[cleansing flight]] later or even without being noticed in comparison to other subspecies. | ||
* The bees’ winter food consumption is lower and they are not in such a hurry to do the cleansing flight. | * The bees’ winter food consumption is lower and they are not in such a hurry to do the cleansing flight. | ||
* Typically, very few individual bees die during overwintering. | * Typically, very few individual bees die during overwintering. | ||
* Nordic bees don't come out from the hive during overwintering, nor do they have “snow blanket” losses. | * Nordic bees don't come out from the hive during overwintering, nor do they have “snow blanket” losses. | ||
* The bee colonies' development during spring is slow, but the winter bees are long-living. | * The bee colonies' development during spring is slow, but the [[winter bees]] are long-living. | ||
* A small number of adult bees can take care of a large brood area in spring. | * A small number of adult bees can take care of a large brood area in spring. | ||
* Nordic bees are easy to manage in the spring, as they don’t starve, and they usually have lot of winter feed left immediately after the cleansing flight, | * Nordic bees are easy to manage in the spring, as they don’t starve, and they usually have lot of winter feed left immediately after the [[cleansing flight]], | ||
* The bee colony develops strongly in the end of May and June. | * The bee colony develops strongly in the end of May and June. | ||
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File:Wintercluster.jpg|Winter cluster inside a hive | |||
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[[Category:Winter to Spring]] |